[meteorite-list] Marks of Laser Exam on Martian Soil (MSL)

From: Ron Baalke <baalke_at_meteoritecentral.com>
Date: Thu, 30 Aug 2012 16:52:03 -0700 (PDT)
Message-ID: <201208302352.q7UNq3rp001869_at_zagami.jpl.nasa.gov>

http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/spaceimages/details.php?id=PIA15695

Marks of Laser Exam on Martian Soil
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
August 30, 2012

[Images]

The Chemistry and Camera (ChemCam) instrument on NASA's Mars rover
Curiosity used its laser to examine side-by-side points in a target
patch of soil, leaving the marks apparent in this before-and-after
comparison.

The two images were taken by ChemCam's Remote Micro-Imager from a
distance of about 11.5 feet (3.5 meters). The diameter of the circular
field of view is about 3.1 inches (7.9 centimeters).

Researchers used ChemCam to study this soil target, named "Beechey,"
during the 19th Martian day, or sol, of Curiosity's mission (Aug. 25,
2012). The observation mode, called a five-by-one raster, is a way to
investigate chemical variability at short scale on rock or soil targets.
For the Beechey study, each point received 50 shots of the instrument's
laser. The points on the target were studied in sequence left to right.
Each shot delivers more than a million watts of power for about five
one-billionths of a second. The energy from the laser excites atoms in
the target into a glowing state, and the instrument records the spectra
of the resulting glow to identify what chemical elements are present in
the target.

The holes seen here have widths of about 0.08 inch to 0.16 inch (2 to 4
millimeters), much larger than the size of the laser spot (0.017 inch or
0.43 millimeter at this distance). This demonstrates the power of the
laser to evacuate dust and small unconsolidated grains. A preliminary
analysis of the spectra recorded during this raster study show that the
first laser shots look alike for each of the five points, but then
variability is seen from shot to shot in a given point and from point to
point.

ChemCam was developed, built and tested by the U.S. Department of
Energy's Los Alamos National Laboratory in partnership with scientists
and engineers funded by France's national space agency, Centre National
d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES) and research agency, Centre National de la
Recherche Scientifique (CNRS).

NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, a division of the California Institute
of Technology, Pasadena, manages the Mars Science Laboratory Project,
including Curiosity, for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington.
JPL designed and built the rover.

Image details

ID#: PIA15695 <http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA15695>
Date added: 2012-08-30
Target: Mars
Mission: Mars Science Laboratory (MSL)
Spacecraft: Curiosity
Instruments: Chemistry and Camera (ChemCam)
Size: 1512 x 720 pixels (width x height)
Received on Thu 30 Aug 2012 07:52:03 PM PDT