[meteorite-list] In search of a hammer
From: E.P. Grondine <epgrondine_at_meteoritecentral.com>
Date: Sun, 15 Apr 2007 06:40:15 -0700 (PDT) Message-ID: <277010.6756.qm_at_web36910.mail.mud.yahoo.com> Well, Sterling, and here we thought that science was being influenced by politics today... good hunting, Ed --- meteorite-list-request at meteoritecentral.com wrote: > Send Meteorite-list mailing list submissions to > meteorite-list at meteoritecentral.com > > To subscribe or unsubscribe via the World Wide Web, > visit > > http://six.pairlist.net/mailman/listinfo/meteorite-list > or, via email, send a message with subject or body > 'help' to > meteorite-list-request at meteoritecentral.com > > You can reach the person managing the list at > meteorite-list-owner at meteoritecentral.com > > When replying, please edit your Subject line so it > is more specific > than "Re: Contents of Meteorite-list digest..." > > > Today's Topics: > > 1. Ensisheim 2007 info (Zelimir.Gabelica at uha.fr) > 2. Ensisheim 2007 show info > (Zelimir.Gabelica at uha.fr) > 3. In search of a hammer (E.P. Grondine) > 4. AD iron-meteorite elemente set (Andreas Gren) > 5. In search of a hammer - correction of de > divinatione date > (E.P. Grondine) > 6. TEST -- DELETE PLEASE (Sterling K. Webb) > 7. Re: Ensisheim 2007 info (PolandMET) > 8. LOCATION of a hammer (Sterling K. Webb) > > > ---------------------------------------------------------------------- > > Message: 1 > Date: Sat, 14 Apr 2007 20:30:04 +0200 > From: Zelimir.Gabelica at uha.fr > Subject: [meteorite-list] Ensisheim 2007 info > To: meteorite-list at meteoritecentral.com > Cc: ".Gabelica"_at_uha.fr > Message-ID: > <20070414203004.3loobhp9qcggwo8s at w3mail.univ-mulhouse.fr> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1; > DelSp="Yes"; > format="flowed" > > Dear List, > > The circular describing the 8th international > meteorite show ? > Ensisheim 2007 ? is ready. You can find it at the > following web site > (from next Monday April 16 on): > http://meteorite.ensisheim.free > I can also provide the circular (in English or > French) by mail, on request. > > The main characteristics/changes/warnings? of the > 2007 editions are > (among) the following: > > Dates: > June 16 and 17, 2007 (week-end preceding the St > Marie mineral show). > Friday 15 is the ?dealers day?. > > 2007 theme: > Meteorites: weird shapes, internal beauties. > Illustrated by a dual lecture on Saturday by Z. > Gabelica (?odd > morphologies??) & R. Warin (?Thin sections: open > windows to > cosmology?) as well as by the usual permanent > thematic exhibit: > ?meteorite samples involving unusual external shapes > and strange > sections? from private collections?? > (btw: we still need samples for display. Please > contact me off list). > Alain Carion will exhibit in a side-window of the > museum, in preview, > a fragment of the new French meteorite > ?Saint-Ouen-en-Champagne?. This > is our ?wild card?? > > On Sunday, Nico Mettler (Winterthur, CH) will > describe his recent > 1000+ km expedition through the Great Sand Sea > desert (Lybia-Egypt) in > search for Lybian Desert Glass (LDG) samples, > through a lecture > entitled ?LDG: a quest for an enigma?. > The Regency walls will be decorated by original > drawings of our young > artists, featuring ?Meteorite hunting in hot > deserts? (a contest). > > Friday PARTY: > As in 2006 a dinner-party (absolutely unavoidable!) > is again scheduled > on Friday June 15 (from 19:00) at ?La Couronne? > hotel, in their > outside resort (as in 2006, we have asked the > weather to co-operate...). > Party can end any time. > Two special meals are proposed, 25 euro, everything > included, except > beverage (hey, if beverage were included, bankrupt > of ?La Couronne? > guaranteed!). > Everybody (organizers, dealers, close friends, > ?loose? friends, > relatives, related?) attending (or not) the > enthroning ceremonies and > the ?friendly drink? that follows (Friday late > afternoon, about > 18:00), is welcome! > Fun guaranteed! (Ask the 70+ last year > participants!). > And ask for a wake-up call if you don?t want to miss > the start of the > ?meteorite hot rush? the next morning? > > Other meals: > Saturday and Sunday lunches (served at ?La > Couronne?) and the Saturday > dinner (traditional ?roasted wild boar? served on > the main ?dancing? > square) will now be prepared by the team of cooks > from ?La Couronne?. > Friendly prices (17.5 euro for a complete menu) were > negotiated. > If you want the special vintage ?Ensisheim-Meteorite > 1492? Pinot Gris > to accompany your meals, it can be permanently > available at its tag > price. > > The Guardians Confraternity is still permanently > providing all other > traditional snacks, including the very popular > ?tarte flamb?e? > (alsacian pie), all served outside, on the main > square (or inside the > sun-protected tent, - rain is neither invited nor > envisaged). > All the other activities on the main square (beer, > wine sale, beer, > tee shirts, beer?) are maintained. > > Accomodation: > Besides the 3 traditional hotels (Couronne, > Niemerich, Cheval Blanc), > the brand new hotel ?Le Domaine du Moulin? is now > open. It has the ?La > Couronne? standard (4 stars) and is as close to the > "Regency" (200 m ? > or more, depending on how thirsty you were during > the parties?). > I haven?t visited it yet but heard that a double > room, breakfast > included, costs around 70-75 euro, a reasonable > price even with the > stronger euro). > > 5 new ?brothers?. > This year, Anne Black (US), Reiner Bartoschewitz (D, > Gifhorn > organizer) & wife, Alex Seidel (D) and Serge > Neunlist (F, our > university president and?new meteorite lover) will > become the new > Guardians. > (Gosh, I have the feeling having forgotten someone?) > > What is maintained in 2007: > Table prices, entrance fee (4 euro for adults), > table number (limited > to 55) and their positions in rooms, reservation > procedure (just write > me!) and contacts. Also?Marcin?s cutting saw on the > main square. > And the FUNNY (crazy ?) characteristic and ever > smiling ambience, of course! > > What is not maintained: > Just meteorites sold in 2006. > Thus much, much new and hot (or cold!) stuff! I bet > some of the > beauties to be offered are yet to be found?.We > expect a great 2007 > ?vintage?! > > Ensisheim meteorite repositories: > My recently updated compilation of Ensisheim > meteorite repositories > will be distributed to all participants. > (hey, it is more than time to provide me the kilos > you have hidden in > your collection!) > > Warning: > Many people did already reserve their tables by > mail. I will now be > starting compiling their requests and finalize their > places. > HOWEVER, as I had several periods of mail troubles, > may I ask everyone > who did already reserve a table in the past, to > CONFIRM THEIR > RESERVATION (mail) once again from now on ? > This is easier for me to handle, and safer for you. > > We still have free tables. I recommend you don?t > reserve too late! > And our former guests who did not yet send their > traditional ?hello?, > are urgently requested to confirm (or cancel) their > wish to keep their > usual tables at their favourite place. > > Web sites: > You note that a new private web site (see above) was > just created (a > couple of days ago). The site of ?ville-ensisheim?, > still mentioned on > the circular, will again be fully operating soon. > Very soon also you may find all the info related to > the 2007 show at > the web site of Nick Gessler (UCLA), with whom close > contacts are > maintained. > > Memories: > My strong wish is to dedicate this 2007 edition to > those people who > recently had health problems that perturbed their > meteorite passion. > Here I mean Joel Schiff, Walter (and Rebekah) > Branch, Iris Lang, > Walter Zeitschel and a few others (I have not here > my complete list). > I hope our thoughts will help them to recover even > more promptly. > And I also wish we all bear in our memories the late > Rolf B?hler, > outstanding meteorite lover and personal friend of > many of us, me > included. Rolf deceased 2 years ago but the sad news > just came a few > weeks ago?. > > Well, that?s about all folks. > There is much more to be said but I prefer you now > ask specific questions. > > My last wish is that Ensisheim, just as all the > other, at least as > famous shows or events closely or subtly related to > our beloved > meteorites (Gifhorn, Tucson, Santa Mesa, Munich, Ste > Marie?.) bring to > all of us again passion, fun, > meteorite faith (Ruben, Sonny?never loose it!) and > friendship (you > want my secret, though probably completely > unrealistic dream ?...it is > to see Mike and Mateo drinking a beer together one > year in > Ensisheim?...even if not at the same table!). > > Best wishes, > > Zelimir > > > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 2 > Date: Sat, 14 Apr 2007 20:46:17 +0200 > From: Zelimir.Gabelica at uha.fr > Subject: [meteorite-list] Ensisheim 2007 show info > To: meteorite-list at meteoritecentral.com > Cc: Z.Gabelica at uha.fr > Message-ID: > <20070414204617.81ibesw26akg0c80 at w3mail.univ-mulhouse.fr> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1; > DelSp="Yes"; > format="flowed" > > Dear List, > > The circular describing the 8th international > meteorite show ? > Ensisheim 2007 ? is ready. You can find it at the > following web site > (from next Monday April 16 on): > http://meteorite.ensisheim.free > I can also provide the circular (in English or > French) by mail, on request. > > The main characteristics/changes/warnings? of the > 2007 editions are > (among) the following: > > Dates: > June 16 and 17, 2007 (week-end preceding the St > Marie mineral show). > Friday 15 is the ?dealers day?. > > 2007 theme: > Meteorites: weird shapes, internal beauties. > Illustrated by a dual lecture on Saturday by Z. > Gabelica (?odd > morphologies??) & R. Warin (?Thin sections: open > windows to > cosmology?) as well as by the usual permanent > thematic exhibit: > ?meteorite samples involving unusual external shapes > and strange > sections? from private collections?? > (btw: we still need samples for display. Please > contact me off list). > Alain Carion will exhibit in a side-window of the > museum, in preview, > a fragment of the new French meteorite > ?Saint-Ouen-en-Champagne?. This > is our ?wild card?? > > On Sunday, Nico Mettler (Winterthur, CH) will > describe his recent > 1000+ km expedition through the Great Sand Sea > desert (Lybia-Egypt) in > search for Lybian Desert Glass (LDG) samples, > through a lecture > entitled ?LDG: a quest for an enigma?. > The Regency walls will be decorated by original > drawings of our young > artists, featuring ?Meteorite hunting in hot > deserts? (a contest). > > Friday PARTY: > As in 2006 a dinner-party (absolutely unavoidable!) > is again scheduled > on Friday June 15 (from 19:00) at ?La Couronne? > hotel, in their > outside resort (as in 2006, we have asked the > weather to co-operate). > Party can end any time. > Two special meals are proposed for 25 euro, > everything included, > except beverage (hey, if beverage were included, > bankrupt of ?La > Couronne? guaranteed!). > Everybody (organizers, dealers, close friends, > ?loose? friends, > relatives, related?) attending (or not) the > enthroning ceremonies and > the ?friendly drink? that follows (Friday late > afternoon, about > 18:00), is welcome! > Fun guaranteed! (Ask the 70+ last year > participants!). > And ask for a wake-up call if you don?t want to miss > the start of the > ?meteorite hot rush? the next morning? > > Other meals: > Saturday and Sunday lunches (served at ?La > Couronne?) and the Saturday > dinner (traditional ?roasted wild boar? served on > the main ?dancing? > square) will now be prepared by the team of cooks > from ?La Couronne?. > Friendly prices (17.5 euro for a complete menu) were > negotiated. If > you wish the special vintage ?Ensisheim-Meteorite > 1492? Pinot Gris to > accompany your meals, it will be permanently > available at its tag price. > The Guardians Confraternity is still permanently > providing all other > traditional snacks, including the very popular > ?tarte flamb?e? > (alsacian pie), all served outside on the main > square (or inside the > sun-protected tent, - rain is neither invited nor > envisaged). > All the other activities on the main square (beer, > wine sale, beer, > tee shirts, beer?) are maintained. > > Accomodation: > Besides the 3 traditional hotels (La Couronne, > Niemerich, Cheval > Blanc), the brand new hotel ?Le Domaine du Moulin? > is now open. It has > the ?La Couronne? standard (4 stars) and is as close > to the "Regency" > (200 m ? or more, depending on how thirsty you were > during the > parties?). > I haven?t visited it yet but heard that a double > room, breakfast > included, costs around 70-75 euro, a reasonable > price even with the > stronger euro). > > 5 new ?brothers?. > This year, Anne Black (US), Reiner Bartoschewitz (D, > Gifhorn > organizer) & wife, Alex Seidel (D) and Serge > Neunlist (F, our > university president and?new meteorite lover) will > become the new > Guardians. > (Gosh, I have the feeling having forgotten someone?) > > What is maintained in 2007: > Table prices, entrance fee (4 euro for adults), > table number (limited > to 55) and their positions in rooms, reservation > procedure (just write > me!) and contacts. Also?Marcin?s cutting saw on the > main square. > And the FUNNY (crazy ?) characteristic and ever > smiling ambience, of course! > > What is not maintained: > Just meteorites sold in 2006.... > Thus much, much new and hot (or cold!) stuff! > I bet some of the beauties to be offered are yet to > be found?.We > expect a great 2007 ?vintage?! > > Ensisheim meteorite repositories: > My recently updated compilation of Ensisheim > meteorite repositories > will be distributed to all participants. > (hey, it is more than time to provide me the > kilos(!) you have hidden > in your collection!) > > Warning: > Many people did already reserve their tables by > mail. I will now be > starting compiling their requests and finalize their > places. > HOWEVER, as I had several periods of mail troubles, > may I ask everyone > who did already reserve a table in the past, to > CONFIRM THEIR > RESERVATION (mail) once again from now on ? > This is easier for me to handle, and safer for you. > > We still have free tables. I recommend you don?t > reserve too late! > And our former guests who did not yet sent their > traditional ?hello?, > are urgently requested to confirm (or cancel) their > wish to keep their > usual tables at their favorite place. > > Web sites: > You note that a new private web site (see above) was > just created (a > couple of days ago). > The site of ?ville-ensisheim?, still mentioned on > the circular, will > again be fully operating soon. > Very soon also you may find all the info related to > the 2007 show at > the web site of Nick Gessler (UCLA), with whom close > contacts are > maintained. > > Memories: > My strong wish is to dedicate this 2007 edition to > those people who > recently had health problems that perturbed their > meteorite passion. > Here I mean Joel Schiff, Walter (and Rebekah) > Branch, Iris Lang, > Walter Zeitschel and a few others (I have not here > my complete list). > I hope our thoughts will help them to recover even > more promptly. > > And I also wish we all bear in our memories the late > Rolf B?hler, > outstanding meteorite lover and personal friend of > many of us, me > included. Rolf deceased 2 years ago but the sad news > just came a few > weeks ago?. > > Well, that?s about all folks. > There is much more to be said but I prefer you now > ask specific questions. > > My last wish is that Ensisheim, just as all the > other at least as > famous shows or events, closely or subtly related to > our beloved > meteorites (Gifhorn, Tucson, Santa Mesa, Munich, Ste > Marie?.), bring > to all of us again passion, fun, meteorite faith > (Ruben, Sonny?never > loose it!) and friendship. > (you want my secret, though probably completely > unrealistic dream > ?...it is to see Mike and Mateo drinking a beer > together one year in > Ensisheim?...even if not at the same table!). > > Best wishes, > > Zelimir > > > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 3 > Date: Sat, 14 Apr 2007 12:16:45 -0700 (PDT) > From: "E.P. Grondine" <epgrondine at yahoo.com> > Subject: [meteorite-list] In search of a hammer > To: meteorite-list at meteoritecentral.com > Message-ID: > <812984.16436.qm at web36903.mail.mud.yahoo.com> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 > > Well, Sterling, > > There was a difference between haruspicy and > astromancy. How and when they became "secret" is the > issue at hand. Were they already "mysterious" at the > time of the founding of the Empire? Or did they > become "secret" with the founding of the college? > > For the problem at hand, the important information > is > where that army was when it was hit. Any ideas on > that? > > good hunting, > Ed > > > --- "Sterling K. Webb" > <sterling_k_webb at sbcglobal.net> > wrote: > > > Ed, > > > > Because of the way topic thread titles are > > re-cycled by email, THIS was the chief response > > to your post, but the secondary chatty one is > > what everybody read, assuming duplicate posts. > > > > I think you'll find this more interesting. > > > > > > Sterling > > > -------------------------------------------------------- > > ----- Original Message ----- > > From: "Sterling K. Webb" > > <sterling_k_webb at sbcglobal.net> > > To: <meteorite-list at meteoritecentral.com> > > Cc: "E.P. Grondine" <epgrondine at yahoo.com> > > Sent: Saturday, April 14, 2007 12:03 AM > > Subject: Re: [meteorite-list] In search of a > hammer > > > > > > Hi, E.P., List > > > > E. P. wrote: > > > to put it mildly, this was a hot political > topic. > > > The suppression of Etruscan astromancy... > actually > > > > > began with... Cicero... Julius's work represents > > > > the last real vestige of Etruscan astromancy... > > > > I agree that it was a hot, very hot, topic, > but > > I disagree > > utterly that Imperial Rome dumped haruspicy and > all > > the > > other divinatory arts, or forgot them, or ignored > > them, > > and here's why... > > > > Haruspicy and traditional Eutruscan Auspices > > continued > > in practice. Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus > > Germanicus, > > the emperor Claudius, of "I, Claudius" fame, was a > > student > > of Etruscan language and arts and opened a college > > to preserve > > and improve the auspicial arts, which institution > > lasted until > > well into the reign of Theodosius I, almost five > > centuries later. > > Claudius wrote a 20-scroll book about Eutruscan > > language, > > history and religion, entitled "Tyrrenike," only > one > > of his > > several works on the Eutruscans. > > > > Here's where things start to sound fishy. One > > encounters > > statements in professional historians' work (who > are > > these > > guys?) that go like this: "Only a few educated > > Romans with > > antiquarian interests, such as Varro, could read > > Etruscan. > > The last person known to have been able to read > > Etruscan > > was Claudius and his books were quickly forgotten > > and lost." > > > > Let me get this straight. There's The Roman > > Imperial College > > of Haruspicy and the Eutruscan Arts of Divination, > > in business > > and thriving for four to five centuries, turning > out > > thousands of > > graduates over those centuries, AND YET, they lose > > all the > > books that teach the language, forget their > > knowledge of the > > language, the language that the Libri Haruspicini > > were written in?! > > > > Does this seem likely? Logical? Expected? Or > > does it offend > > reason? And, more importantly, is it true? > > > > OK, this is where I insert the 317 long boring > > paragraphs > > detailing that haruspicy flourished and was > > widespread and > > was taken very seriously for many centuries after > > the point > > where you say it was forgotten. > > > > Well, you can heave a big sigh of relief > because > > I'm going > > to skip them (hooray!) and fast forward to 408 AD > > when the > > Goths under Alaric beseiged Rome and starved it in > > an > > attempt to blackmail the Emperor into paying up > what > > he > > owed the Goths. The haruspices stepped forward and > > offered > > their services to help save the City, even in a > > Christian Empire. > > And, surprise, Pope Innocent I welcomed their aid > > (welcomed > > pagan priests?!), so long as their rituals were > kept > > secret. I > > repeat, so long as their rituals were kept secret. > > It would appear > > that the Pope believed in the Auspices, too... > > > > And at long last, we reach the KEY word: > SECRET. > > We > > modern enlightened types just can't take Greek or > > Roman > > religious concepts, beliefs and practices > seriously. > > We teach > > mythology to our children like it was fairie > tales, > > entertainment. > > THE ROMANS BELIEVED THEIR RELIGION AS MUCH AS > > ANYBODY. The Greeks and Romans believed their > > religion > > as much as martyrs believe the faith they die for, > > as much as > > Usamah bin Laden believes God wants him to kill > us, > > as much > > as the Pope believes in Catholicism. > > > > What is Divination? It is a secret and certain > > knowledge > > of the future. It reveals to The Rulers what is > > going to happen, > > where, when, and how, what is the right policy, > the > > right war, > > how to fight it, who your enemies are... all the > > stuff worth > > knowing. > > > > What does that sound like to you? What, in our > > own modern > > "scientific" society, do we call that? When we > write > > the Auspices > > down for the Emperor, what do we call it? Good > > Guess! It's > > called the National Intelligence Estimate! > > > > We have many Colleges of Haruspectelligence, > > many Guilds, > > many Priesthoods and varieties, the CIApex, the > > NSApex, more > > than a dozen (that we know about), and the one > thing > > that we all > > agree on is that their Augeries MUST be kept > SECRET, > > and that > > the Rulers must be in Control of them. Just ask > Mr. > > Bush. Are > > leaks bad? Can I browse the CIA files for 2001? > When > > are you > > publishing these in book form? > > > > How does the Ruler accomplish this? He must > > control the > > Haruspex in all their multitudes. For the Roman > > Emperor, it > > is to combine in his person all the offices > > including the most > > important of all: Pontifex Maximus, the Priest In > > Charge. The > > Haruspex all work for him now. To keep the > Auspices > > Secret, > > you must Control them absolutely. The secrecy and > > your control > > of it guarantees that they can never be used > against > > you politically. > > > > You might want to ask Mr. Bush about that > also. > > (Or Mr. > > Nixon, Kennedy, Reagan, Carter; they all seem to > > have agreed > > identically on this point of procedure: secrecy > and > > control.) > > > > So it is today that the Chiefs of all the > > Haruspectelligence > > Agencies are commanded by The Ruler. He even has a > > Director > > of National Haruspectelligence who function is to > > command the > > lesser Haruspectelligence Agencies for The Ruler. > So > > it was that > > the Emperor controlled all public knowledge of the > > Augeries, or > > when necessary, concealed it, contrived it, or > even > > destroyed it. > > It was just like National Intelligence is today. > > > > And as to why Augustus refused to strip > Lepidus > > of his > > office of Pontifex Maximus (until he died, of > > course), he only > > did so to show his piety and respect for the > office, > > to gain > > time to get control of all the auspicial > functions, > > and to avoid > > the appearance of grabbing ALL power at once. But > > when > > Lepidus did die, Augustus assumed those powers, > > becoming > > Pontifex Maximus For Life, and so did EVERY Roman > > Emperor that followed him, even the Christian > ones. > > > > To understand this political dynamic, just > look > > forward to > > the time when the first President that achieves > the > > goal of making > > himself Emperor comes along, will he not allow the > > sitting Chief > > Justice of the Supreme Court to die in office > before > > appointing > > himself to that life-time position? I hope so. > > > > So, all those records you think were lost and > > disregarded > > because the Romans no longer believed in auspices, > > well, my > > guess is that they were preserved and understood > for > > a very > > long time. This is no comfort, however, when we > hope > > for > > their ultimate survival to our day. We all know > what > > the > > haruspectelligence agents do when the end comes > and > > the > > enemy is breaking down the doors, when the nation > is > > finally > > collapsing forever and all hope is gone: BURN THE > > FILES. > > > > > > Sterling K. Webb > > > ------------------------------------------------------------- > > PS: What I want to see is the actual, unretouched > > photos of > > the liver of the goat that Donald Rumsfeld > sacrified > > before > > the start of the Iraq War... > > > -------------------------------------------------------------- > > ----- Original Message ----- > > From: "E.P. Grondine" <epgrondine at yahoo.com> > > To: <meteorite-list at meteoritecentral.com> > > Sent: Friday, April 13, 2007 7:25 PM > > Subject: Re: [meteorite-list] In search of a > hammer > > > > > > Hi Mike - > > > > My own notes on Julius work. I'm sure I have > copies > > of > > the exact translation from which I worked > somewhere > > in > > my papers, but I seem to have ommitted it from my > > note. > > I suppose it was the initial onset of the stroke > in > > 2003. > > > > good hunting, > > Ed > > > > A FEW FACTS ABOUT THE ROLES OF POLITICAL AND > > RELIGIOUS > > FACTORS IN THE SUPPRESSION OF THE KNOWLEDGE OF > > IMPACTS > > > > DURING THE YEARS OF THE COLLAPSE OF THE ROMAN > > REPUBLIC > > > > > > While it is true that the Church's Platonic > > orthodoxy > > was rather strictly enforced for 1600 years or so, > > > in point of fact that suppression of impact > > knowledge > > began long before the Church ever gained power. > > > > >From Julius (IULII: OBSEQUENTIS AB ANNO URBIS > > CONDITAE > > DV PRODIGIORUM LIBER) > > > > "Consulship of Gnaeus Octavius and Licius Cinna > (87 > > BCE) > > > > "56a. While Cinna and Marius were displaying a > cruel > > rage in their conduct of the civil war, at Rome in > > the > > camp of Gnaeus Pompeius [Strabo] the sky seems to > > fall, weapons and standards were hit, and soldiers > > struck dead. Pompeius [Strabo] himself was struck > > dead by the > > blast of a heavenly body." > > > > and to put it mildly, this was a hot political > > topic. > > The suppression of Etruscan astromancy and > knowledge > > of impact lore actually thus actually began with > > Senate loyalist Cicero's deprecations of it in De > > Divinatione (70 BCE) and De haruspicum Responsis > (56 > > BCE), works which he wrote in support of Pompeius > > Magnus, Pompeius Strabo's son, and against Caesar, > > who > > held the office of Pontifex Maximus, head of the > > haruspex. But events will take yet a stranger > turn. > > > > As Julius's work represents the last real vestige > of > > Etruscan astromancy and impact lore, establishing > > its > > date is essential. Now it is widely held that > > Julius > > himself extracted his haruspex's records from the > > history of Rome which was written by Titus Livy, > who > > lived 59 BCE - 17 CE; Livy is thought to have > begun > > writing his history around 29 BCE, and it is > > commonly > > held that Julius's wrote his work much, much later > > than 17 CE. > > > > But a problem with this dating scenario is that > the > > poet and astronomer Manilius appears to paraphrase > > part of Julius's work in his Astonomica at > IV.45-62, > > and Manilius is known to have written this > > particular > > work spanning the time of the Emperor Augustus's > > death > > in 14 > > CE. (For the date of the composition of the > > Astronomica definitively established by J.P. Good, > > see > > Manilius, Astronomica, J.P. Good translation, Loeb > > Classical Library, page xiii). Therefore Julius's > > work > > or a part of it was must have been written before > 14 > > CE. > > > > Were Julius's own personal name "Julius" not > enough, > > his conspicuous use of the name "Caesar" for > > Octavian, > > a usage which Julius Caesar's nephew Octavian > (later > > known as Augustus, the first Roman Emperor) > himself > > ferociously advocated, marks the work as having > been > > written for the most part early in Octavian's > > campaign > > for absolute power, if not indeed even earlier. > > Julius's anti-Pompey bias is clearly demonstrated > by > > his reminder again of Pompey Strabo's death by > > fulmine > > in his entry for Strabo's son Pompey Magnus's > death > > in > > 46 BCE. > > > > All of this brings us to a possible reason why > > Julius > > wrote the work in the first place - as a piece of > > political propaganda first for Julius Caesar, and > > then > > for Octavian. Seen in another light, as the > office > > of > > Emperor was entirely of Octavian's (Augustus's) > own > > making, and without precedent in Roman politics, > > there > > must have been a strong concern among the haruspex > > as > > to what role they would play in the new political > > order. Quid pro quo, the influence of the haruspex > > over the traditional republicans who normally > would > > abhor an emperor with the deepest of passions must > > have been considerable. In short, at this point in > > time, Etruscan astromancy and its knowledge of > > impact > > events was again being promoted, for the same > reason > > Cicero had for be-littling it. > > > > While the anti-Pompey bias of Julius's work is > > datable > > to sometime around Pompei's defeat by Julius > Caesar, > > say 49-46 BCE, there are yet other political > > considerations which allow us to further refine > the > > date of the composition. Following Caesar's > murder > > by > > the Senate, his nephew and heir Octavian > (Augustus) > > marched on Rome; in the meantime, Caesar's > supporter > > Marcus Antonius (Anthony) moved to take on a > general > > supported by the Senate, one Decimus Junius Brutus > > Albinus. > > > > After Antony's defeat of the consuls sent against > > him > > by the Senate, Octavian gained authority from that > > same Senate to move against Anthony. The first > thing > > which Octavian did with his new authority was to > > shore > > up his position in Rome; and then through the > > offices > > of Antonius's supporter, Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, > > Octavian promptly entered into a new coalition > with > > Lepidus and Anthony, yet another triumvirate, to > > take > > on those generals supporting the very same Senate > > which had appointed him in the first place. > > > > Here we come to the detailed events bearing more > > directly on the problem at hand, the suppression > of > > Etruscan astromancy and impact knowledge. Through > > these agreements with Octavian and Anthony, > Lepidus > > gained control of the North African grain > supplies. > > > > In the meatime, the general Sextus Pompeius, the > > youngest son of Pompey Magnus (and thus the > grandson > > of the man killed by the "fulmine", if you > > remember), > > who was loyal to the Senate, gained control of > > Rome's > > Navy and Sicily. To further his own personal > power, > > Sextus Pompeius instituted a blockade on Rome's > > grain > > supplies, and Octavian, Anthony, and Lepidus were > > forced to recognize this final Pompey's authority. > > When the three generals denied Sextus Pompeius > > control > > of the Peloponese following their victories in the > > east, Sextus Pompeius agqain put a blockade on > > Rome's > > grain supplies. > > > > Octavian and Lepidus now moved against Sextus > > Pompeius, but after they defeated Pompey III, > > Lepidus > > decided to make a play for the control of Sicily > and > > Rome's grain supplies. But then Lepidus's troops > > deserted him for Octavian. > > > > And here we come to the point: in his victory, > > Octavian did not murder Lepidus, but instead > > "Octavian > > spared his former triumviral colleague but > stripped > > him of his powers and confined him to house arrest > > at > > the pleasant seaside town of Circeii. There he > lived > > out his life unmolested until he died, of natural > > causes, in 12 BC." (Garrett G. Fagan, Pennsylvania > > State University, entry for Augustus, De Imperii > > Romani, An Online Encyclopedia of the Roman > > Emperors). > > > > > > Further,(continuing with Fagan's summary), "When > > Octavian returned to Rome in triumph following the > > defeat of Sextus, the senate naturally moved to > > honor > > him extravagantly. AMONG THE PROPOSED HONORS WAS > THE > > SUGGESTION THAT OCTAVIAN BE NAMED PONTIFEX > MAXIMUS, > > PAGAN ROME'S CHIEF PRIEST. OCTAVIAN REFUSED. > > LEPIDUS, > > THOUGH DISGRACED, WAS PONTIFEX MAXIMUS; AND IT > WOULD > > BE AGAINST ESTABLISHED PRACTICE FOR AN INCUMBENT > TO > > BE > > STRIPPED OF THIS AUGUST PRIESTHOOD WHILE STILL > > ALIVE." > > > > This is when the suppression of Etruscan > astromancy > > and its knowledge of impact events began in full, > > when > > Octavian's (Augustus's) rival Lepidus was the > > Pontifex > > Maximus. It did not happen several hundred years > > later , after the Church gained power. Seen in > > another > > way, Etruscan astromancy was tied closely with the > > Republican form of government, and as such it had > > little place in the Empire. > > > > As far as the Obsequentis goes, it could not have > > been > > publicly published after Lepidus returned to Rome > in > > 36 BCE. As Julius understated it in his later > entry > > for 44 BCE, "The howling of dogs was heard by > night > > before the residence of the Pontifex Maximus, and > > the > > fact that the largest dog was torn apart by the > > others > > foretold unseemly disgrace to Lepidus." > > > > Therefore we can date Julius's first draft with > some > > certainty to 49-46 BCE, with a later extension > into > > Octavian's time to 44-36 BCE. Ultimately, > following > > Lepidus' death, the original work was again > > extended, > > and with two isolated and dangling later final > > additional entries, and it was brought through to > > the > > time of Octavian's death and the succession of the > > next Emperor. > > > > As for Manilius, as the details of Sextus Pompey's > > activities in Sicily were personally embarrassing > to > > Lepidus, no religious/astronomical work could be > > written mentioning them while Lepidus was Pontifex > > Maximus. It could only have been following the > death > > of Lepidus in 14 CE that Manilius added his > mention > > of > > Sextus Pompey's blockades to his original draft. > > > > All of this brings us yet again to another reason > > for > > Octavian's (Augustus's) suppression of Etruscan > > astromancy and impact knowledge. Livy, though an > > acquaintance of Octavian (the first Emperor > > Augustus), > > is reported to have been considered by Augustus to > > be > > of republican sympathies - and Livy included the > > extracts from the Julius's work simply to show the > > omens in a republican light. > > > > This provided Octavian and his successors with yet > > another reason for suppressing Etruscan > astromancy. > > > > EP > > > > > > ______________________________________________ > > Meteorite-list mailing list > > Meteorite-list at meteoritecentral.com > > > http://six.pairlist.net/mailman/listinfo/meteorite-list > > > > > __________________________________________________ > Do You Yahoo!? > Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam > protection around > http://mail.yahoo.com > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 4 > Date: Sat, 14 Apr 2007 21:17:24 +0200 > From: "Andreas Gren" <info at meteoritenhaus.de> > Subject: [meteorite-list] AD iron-meteorite elemente > set > To: <meteorite-list at meteoritecentral.com> > Message-ID: > <R058a8j3EI23ws.RZmta at mo-p00-ob.rzone.de> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" > > > Hello List, > > for the iron collector who wants to give his > collection a scientific touch, > we have sets of pure iron meteorite related > elements. > Iron and Nickel of course and the three > classification related elements > Gallium, Germanium and Iridium. > > www.meteoritenhaus.de/img/IronSet.jpg > > The Elements are high purity laboratory quality: > Fe Iron 99.95% > Ni Nickel 99.9% > Ga Gallium 99.99% > Ge Germanium 99.9999% > Ir Iridium 99.95% > > The price depends on filling quantity. examples: > > Set1: Fe 0.80g Ni 0.71g Ga 0.64g Ge 0.30g Ir > 0.16g 28.95$ > > Set2: Fe 1.02g Ni 0.77g Ga 0.76g Ge 0.36g Ir > 0.18g 32.15$ > > Set3: Fe 1.07g Ni 0.92g Ga 0.88g Ge 0.43g Ir > 0.18g 34.15$ > > Set4: Fe 1.82g Ni 2.04g Ga 0.91g Ge 0.50g Ir > 0.24g 40.50$ > (pictured) > > Shipping: Germany 3$ Europe 5$ US/World 10$ > > Thanks > Have a nice weekend > Andi > > > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 5 > Date: Sat, 14 Apr 2007 12:54:26 -0700 (PDT) > From: "E.P. Grondine" <epgrondine at yahoo.com> > Subject: [meteorite-list] In search of a hammer - > correction of de > divinatione date > To: meteorite-list at meteoritecentral.com > Message-ID: > <71099.92518.qm at web36907.mail.mud.yahoo.com> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 > > Hi all - > > Naturally, the striking of the spears and standards > would point to lightening, and that's one reason why > I > left it. > > But the sky seems to fall, and the blast of a > heavenly > body? > Any orbital mechanicians want to try this one? > Anyone want to try and locate the army's camp? > > good hunting, > Ed > > A FEW FACTS ABOUT THE ROLES OF POLITICAL AND > RELIGIOUS > FACTORS IN THE SUPPRESSION OF THE KNOWLEDGE OF > IMPACTS > > DURING THE YEARS OF THE COLLAPSE OF THE ROMAN > REPUBLIC > > > While it is true that the Church's Platonic > orthodoxy > was rather strictly enforced for 1600 years or so, > in point of fact that suppression of impact > knowledge > began long before the Church ever gained power. > > But it turns out that a major Roman political leader > was killed by "fulmine" some 400 years before the > Church ever gained much power: > > >From Julius (IULII: OBSEQUENTIS AB ANNO URBIS > CONDITAE > DV PRODIGIORUM LIBER) > > "Consulship of Gnaeus Octavius and Licius Cinna (87 > BCE) > > "56a. While Cinna and Marius were displaying a cruel > rage in their conduct of the civil war, at Rome in > the > camp of Gnaeus Pompeius [Strabo] the sky seems to > fall, weapons and standards were hit, and soldiers > struck dead. Pompeius [Strabo] himself was struck > dead by the > blast of a heavenly body." > > and to put it mildly, this was a hot political > topic. > > The suppression of Etruscan astromancy and knowledge > of impact lore actually thus actually began with > Senate loyalist Cicero's deprecations of it in De > haruspicum Responsis (56 BCE) and De Divinatione (45 > BCE), works which he wrote in support of Pompeius > Magnus, Pompeius Strabo's son, and against Caesar, > who > held the office of Pontifex Maximus, head of the > haruspex. But events will take yet a stranger turn. > > As Julius's work represents the last real vestige of > Etruscan astromancy and impact lore, establishing > its > date is essential. Now it is widely held that > Julius > himself extracted his haruspex's records from the > history of Rome which was written by Titus Livy, who > lived 59 BCE - 17 CE; Livy is thought to have begun > writing his history around 29 BCE, and it is > commonly > held that Julius's wrote his work much, much later > than 17 CE. > > But a problem with this dating scenario is that the > poet and astronomer Manilius appears to paraphrase > part of Julius's work in his Astonomica at IV.45-62, > and Manilius is known to have written this > particular > work spanning the time of the Emperor Augustus's > death > in 14 > CE. (For the date of the composition of the > Astronomica definitively established by J.P. Good, > see > Manilius, Astronomica, J.P. Good translation, Loeb > Classical Library, page xiii). Therefore Julius's > work > or a part of it was must have been written before 14 > CE. > > Were Julius's own personal name "Julius" not enough, > his conspicuous use of the name "Caesar" for > Octavian, > a usage which Julius Caesar's nephew Octavian (later > known as Augustus, the first Roman Emperor) himself > ferociously advocated, marks the work as having been > written for the most part early in Octavian's > campaign > for absolute power, if not indeed even earlier. > Julius's anti-Pompey bias is clearly demonstrated by > his reminder again of Pompey Strabo's death by > fulmine > in his entry for Strabo's son Pompey Magnus's death > in > 46 BCE. > > All of this brings us to a possible reason why > Julius > wrote the work in the first place - as a piece of > political propaganda first for Julius Caesar, and > then > for Octavian. Seen in another light, as the office > of > Emperor was entirely of Octavian's (Augustus's) own > making, and without precedent in Roman politics, > there > must have been a strong concern among the haruspex > as > to what role they would play in the new political > order. Quid pro quo, the influence of the haruspex > over the traditional republicans who normally would > abhor an emperor with the deepest of passions must > have been considerable. > > In short, at this point in time, Etruscan astromancy > and its knowledge of impact events was again being > promoted, for the same reason Cicero had for > be-littling it. > > While the anti-Pompey bias of Julius's work is > datable > to sometime around Pompei's defeat by Julius Caesar, > say 49-46 BCE, there are yet other political > considerations which allow us to further refine the > date of the composition. > > Following Caesar's murder by the Senate, his > nephew and heir Octavian (Augustus) marched on Rome; > in the meantime, Caesar's supporter Marcus Antonius > (Anthony) moved to take on a general supported by > the > Senate, one Decimus Junius Brutus Albinus. > > After Antony's defeat of the consuls sent against > him > by the Senate, Octavian gained authority from that > same Senate to move against Anthony. The first thing > which Octavian did with his new authority was to > shore > up his position in Rome; and then through the > offices > of Antonius's supporter, Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, > Octavian promptly entered into a new coalition with > Lepidus and Anthony, yet another triumvirate, to > take > on those generals supporting the very same Senate > which had appointed him in the first place. > > Here we come to the detailed events bearing more > directly on the problem at hand, the suppression of > Etruscan astromancy and impact knowledge. Through > these agreements with Octavian and Anthony, Lepidus > gained control of the North African grain supplies. > > In the meatime, the general Sextus Pompeius, the > youngest son of Pompey Magnus (and thus the grandson > of the man killed by the "fulmine", if you > remember), > who was loyal to the Senate, gained control of > Rome's > Navy and Sicily. To further his own personal power, > Sextus Pompeius instituted a blockade on Rome's > grain > supplies, and Octavian, Anthony, and Lepidus were > forced to recognize this final Pompey's authority. > When the three generals denied Sextus Pompeius > control > of the Peloponese following their victories in the > east, Sextus Pompeius agqain put a blockade on > Rome's > grain supplies. > > Octavian and Lepidus now moved against Sextus > Pompeius, but after they defeated Pompey III, > Lepidus > decided to make a play for the control of Sicily and > Rome's grain supplies. But then Lepidus's troops > deserted him for Octavian. > > And here we come to the point: in his victory, > Octavian did not murder Lepidus, but instead > "Octavian > spared his former triumviral colleague but stripped > him of his powers and confined him to house arrest > at > the pleasant seaside town of Circeii. There he lived > out his life unmolested until he died, of natural > causes, in 12 BC." (Garrett G. Fagan, Pennsylvania > State University, entry for Augustus, De Imperii > Romani, An Online Encyclopedia of the Roman > Emperors). > > > Further,(continuing with Fagan's summary), "When > Octavian returned to Rome in triumph following the > defeat of Sextus, the senate naturally moved to > honor > him extravagantly. AMONG THE PROPOSED HONORS WAS THE > SUGGESTION THAT OCTAVIAN BE NAMED PONTIFEX MAXIMUS, > PAGAN ROME'S CHIEF PRIEST. OCTAVIAN REFUSED. > LEPIDUS, > THOUGH DISGRACED, WAS PONTIFEX MAXIMUS; AND IT WOULD > BE AGAINST ESTABLISHED PRACTICE FOR AN INCUMBENT TO > BE > STRIPPED OF THIS AUGUST PRIESTHOOD WHILE STILL > ALIVE." > > This is when the suppression of Etruscan astromancy > and its knowledge of impact events began in full, > when > Octavian's (Augustus's) rival Lepidus was the > Pontifex > Maximus. It did not happen several hundred years > later after the Church gained power. Seen in another > way, Etruscan astromancy was tied closely with the > Republican form of government, and as such it had > little place in the Empire. > > As far as the Obsequentis goes, it could not have > been > publicly published after Lepidus returned to Rome in > 36 BCE. As Julius understated it in his later entry > for 44 BCE, "The howling of dogs was heard by night > before the residence of the Pontifex Maximus, and > the > fact that the largest dog was torn apart by the > others > foretold unseemly disgrace to Lepidus." > > Therefore we can date Julius's first draft with some > certainty to 49-46 BCE, with a later extension into > Octavian's time to 44-36 BCE. Ultimately, following > Lepidus' death, the original work was again > extended, > and with two isolated and dangling later final > additional entries, and it was brought through to > the > time of Octavian's death and the succession of the > next Emperor. > > As for Manilius, as the details of Sextus Pompey's > activities in Sicily were personally embarrassing to > Lepidus, no religious/astronomical work could be > written mentioning them while Lepidus was Pontifex > Maximus. It could only have been following the death > of Lepidus in 14 CE that Manilius added his mention > of > Sextus Pompey's blockades to his original draft. > > All of this brings us yet again to another reason > for > Octavian's (Augustus's) suppression of Etruscan > astromancy and impact knowledge. Livy, though an > acquaintance of Octavian (the first Emperor > Augustus), > is reported to have been considered by Augustus to > be > of republican > sympathies - and Livy included the extracts from the > Julius's work simply to show the omens in a > republican > light. > > This provided Octavian and his successors with yet > another reason for suppressing Etruscan astromancy. > > > __________________________________________________ > Do You Yahoo!? > Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam > protection around > http://mail.yahoo.com > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 6 > Date: Sat, 14 Apr 2007 18:12:05 -0500 > From: "Sterling K. Webb" > <sterling_k_webb at sbcglobal.net> > Subject: [meteorite-list] TEST -- DELETE PLEASE > To: "Meteorite List" > <meteorite-list at meteoritecentral.com> > Message-ID: > <021f01c77eea$52432e50$862e4842 at ATARIENGINE> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" > > TEST > > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 7 > Date: Sun, 15 Apr 2007 03:40:17 +0200 > From: "PolandMET" <marcin at polandmet.com> > Subject: Re: [meteorite-list] Ensisheim 2007 info > To: <meteorite-list at meteoritecentral.com> > Message-ID: > <001b01c77eff$05deb470$0300000a at polandmezrd5i9> > Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed; > charset="iso-8859-1"; > reply-type=response > > ----- Original Message ----- > From: <Zelimir.Gabelica at uha.fr> > What is maintained in 2007: > Table prices, entrance fee (4 euro for adults), > table number (limited > to 55) and their positions in rooms, reservation > procedure (just write > me!) and contacts. Also?Marcin?s cutting saw on the > main square. > > ======== > Yes, my machine will be ready to cut all Your lunar, > venus and planet X > material. > And I hope that it will be sold there :) > So if You need a good saw, then its a good place to > test it and decide. > > > -----[ MARCIN CIMALA ]-----[ I.M.C.A.#3667 ]----- > http://www.Meteoryt.net > marcin at meteoryt.net > http://www.PolandMET.com marcin at polandmet.com > http://www.Gao-Guenie.com GSM +48(607)535 195 > --------[ Member of Polish Meteoritical Society > ]-------- > > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 8 > Date: Sat, 14 Apr 2007 21:14:05 -0500 > From: "Sterling K. Webb" > <sterling_k_webb at sbcglobal.net> > Subject: [meteorite-list] LOCATION of a hammer > To: "Meteorite List" > <meteorite-list at meteoritecentral.com> > Cc: "E.P. Grondine" <epgrondine at yahoo.com> > Message-ID: > <024c01c77f03$bf550cc0$862e4842 at ATARIENGINE> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" > > Hi, Ed, List, > > Where was Pompeius Strabo when he died? > Pretty sure it was in the immediate vicinity of > Rome itself, outside the walls and within, say 20 > Roman miles and probably 10. > Encyclopedia Brit., 11th Ed., says Gnaeus > Pompeius > Strabo died of the "plague," and that "a mob dragged > his > body through the streets until a tribune > interceded." > The legion that Strabo raised were from, and > were based > at, Picenum up north, and his son took them back > there > after the old man's death. > Picenum was home. Gnaeus Pompeius Strabo, often > referred to as Strabo or Pompey Strabo in English, > was a > Roman from the rural province of Picenum. He became > the first > of the Pompeii to achieve senatorial status in Rome, > despite > the anti-rural prejudice of the Roman Senate. After > proving > his military talent, Strabo climbed the cursus > honorum and > became consul in the year 89 BC, in the midst of the > Social > War. That a war against the Socii, or Allies, other > Italian > cities who usually sided with Rome but were upset at > their > treatment at the hands of the Romans. > Strabo commanded Roman forces against these > Italian > Allies in the northern part of Italy. His three > Roman legions > were instrumental in Rome's victory. After his > consulship > and the war, Strabo retired to Picenum with all of > his > veteran soldiers. > He remained there until 87 BC, when he responded > to > Lucius Cornelius Sulla's request for help against > Gaius > Marius. > Strabo besieged Rome, but died before any battle > could > be fought. This would seem to pinpoint his location. > Strabo's son, the famous Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus > (Pompey the Great), took the legions back to > Picenum. > Says the Wiki: "Strabo had the habit of playing > both > ends against the middle in the intense politics of > the period. > Sulla arranged to remove Strabo from the command and > > replace him with a handpicked confederate. Strabo > left > camp on "personal business" while his soldiers > killed > the replacement." > This was apparently outside of Rome (if > beseiging it). > Sulla's replacement, who Strabo's troops killed, was > > the consul Q. Pompeius Rufus, poor dum SOB. There > seems no doubt that Strabo was at Rome: "Strabo, > whose > duty [to Sulla] it was to defend Rome against Cinna > and > Marius, negotiates with Cinna, but dies during the > general > epidemic [in 87 BC]." > The Romans started their year in the dead of > winter, like > we do, on January 1.* > So, there was at Rome at one and the same time, > a civil > war, an epidemic of type unknown, and an > army-killing > lightning, blast, impact, or airburst event. > I'd say the omens at that moment were NOT good, > wouldn't you? > If it was at Rome or nearby, you can forget > looking > for any traces as few places on Earth have been more > > chewed up, for thousands of years, than the general > neighborhood of Rome! > > *The Roman civil year started on 1st January and > its > use continued until the seventh century AD. The > Christian > Church generally wished to move towards using one of > > its major festivals as the start of the year, and > Christmas > Day was used from the time of Bede (AD 672 or 673 > to 735) until the twelfth century. > The Feast of the Annunciation, 25th March, > started > to be used in the ninth century as the beinginning > of > the calendar year in parts of southern Europe, but > only > became widespread in Europe from the eleventh > century > and in England from the late twelfth. > It then held sway until the sixteenth century. > 1st January > then started to be used as the start of the year, > starting > in Venice in 1522. Dates when this change was made > in some > other countries are: 1544 Germany; 1556 Spain, > Portugal, > the Catholic Netherlands; 1559 Prussia, Denmark, > Sweden; > 1564 France; 1579 Lorraine; 1583 the Protestant > Netherlands; > 1600 Scotland; 1725 Russia; 1721 Tuscany; and > finally in > 1752, England and her colonies. So, when you read > that > something happened in February, 1630, in London, it > was > really February, 1631 by our way of reckoning. > Annoying. > But for the Romans, it's not a problem. > > As for Augustus consolidating power slowly: "In > 22 BC, > Augustus resigns his eleventh consulship, probably > because > of illness. He is awarded for life full tribunician > powers, > and extended imperium which gives him authority over > > any provincial governor and over the army (renewed > for > five years in 18 and 13, and for ten years in 8, and > > AD 3 and 13.) > In 22, there's famine and plague. Augustus > declines > the dictatorship and censorship for life, but > accepts > the post of "corn supremo." He leaves for the East > for three years. In 21, Agrippa is forced by > Augustis > to divorce his existing wife and marry Augustus's > daughter Julia, whose husband Marcellus died after > being married to her for two years. > In 18, the Senate is reduced to a mere 600 > senators. > (You think 100 is bad?) Agrippa is granted special > powers. > In 17, Augustus adopts Agrippa's and Julia's two > sons, > Gaius and Lucius, as his own sons. > In 15, Tiberius and Drusus, Augustus's Claudian > stepsons, defeat the Raeti and Vindelici, whose > territory > becomes a Roman province. > In 13, Tiberius's first consulship. Augustus > returns > to Rome after three years in Gaul, and Agrippa after > > three years in the east. Agrippa's special powers > are > extended for five years. Lepidus dies. Augustus is > elected pontifex maximus. In 12, Agrippa dies. > Tiberius > is forced to marry his widow, Augustus' daughter > Julia. > Augustus' power is pretty much complete at this > point. > It is not just that his rivals for power are dead, > but that > all the potential heirs to power are also firmly > under his > control; there is no child out there with a claim to > similar honors being raised by some other family to > someday threaten Augustus and the family he controls > for power. Of course, most of them will die before > they are in a position to be a threat. Most > convenient. > > > Sterling K. Webb > --------------------------------------------------------------- > ----- Original Message ----- > From: "E.P. Grondine" <epgrondine at yahoo.com> > To: <meteorite-list at meteoritecentral.com> > Sent: Saturday, April 14, 2007 2:16 PM > Subject: [meteorite-list] In search of a hammer > > > Well, Sterling, > > There was a difference between haruspicy and > astromancy. How and when they became "secret" is the > issue at hand. Were they already "mysterious" at the > time of the founding of the Empire? Or did they > become "secret" with the founding of the college? > > For the problem at hand, the important information > is > where that army was when it was hit. Any ideas on > that? > > good hunting, > Ed > > > > ------------------------------ > > _______________________________________________ > Meteorite-list mailing list > Meteorite-list at meteoritecentral.com > http://six.pairlist.net/mailman/listinfo/meteorite-list > > > End of Meteorite-list Digest, Vol 41, Issue 51 > ********************************************** > __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com Received on Sun 15 Apr 2007 09:40:15 AM PDT |
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